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Science & Technology >< Sains & Teknologi

Tips to Overcome Cold and Fever

When you feel ill, then the first thing that you usually do is measuring your body’s temperature. Although the actual temperature itself is not the disease, body’s heat is usually the sign that something is happening inside your body. In facts, the hot temperature is not always bad. Hot plays a role in helping the [...]

Chinese Calendar and Jews Calendar

Chinese Im-lek Calendar
Calendar of Im-lek (meaning “year of moon” or the lunar calendar) is used by Chinese communities since 551 BC. It was the year when Kung Fu-Tzu (Confucius) was born. New Year (Xin Nian) is occurred on 21 January to 19 February. Same as the Saka calendar, the beginning of each month is when [...]

Persian Calendar: Solar Calendar of Hijriyya

The Persian calendar is the Hijriyya Calendar of Solar System (Hijriyya Calendar is calendar with sun’s calculations). Beside in Iran, the calendar is also used in Afghanistan and Tajikistan as a fellow family of Persian nations.

Calendar of Pranata Mangsa and Sundanese Calendar

Beside the Javanese calendar, which is identical to the Hijriyya Calendar, the Javanese people also know a solar calendar of Pranata Mangsa (”Month Arrangement”) which was created by Sunan Paku Buwana VII (1830-1858) of Surakarta in 1855. The Pranata Mangsa calendar starts on 22 June and based on seasons in the Island of Java. That [...]

Javanese Hijriyya Calendar

The Javanese’s ancestors used the Saka calendar, when they still embraced Hindu. Even when they have embraced Islam, the Saka calendar was still used in Java until the early of 17th century. The Sultanate of Demak, Banten, and Mataram used the Saka calendar and Hijriyya Calendar altogether.

Saka Calendar and Buddhist Calendar

Saka calendar began in year 78 CE when the Ujjayini city (now Malwa in India) seized by the people of Saka (Scythia) under the leadership of Emperor Kaniska from the people of Satavahana. New Year occurs in Minasamkranti (sun under the Pisces constellation) or the early spring. Name of the months are Caitra, Waisaka, Jyestha, [...]

Hijriyya, the Islamic Calendar System

From Muharram to Dzulhijjah, each month has 30 or 29 days. So there are 354 days in a year. In every 30 years, 11 years is leap years (the Dzulhijjah month has 30 days), they are years 2, 5, 7, 10, 13, 16, 18, 21, 24, 26 and 29. On 29th December 2008, we start [...]

Calculation of Hijriyya, the Islamic Calendar

At the time of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon Him), the utterance of years did not use numbers, but based on an event that was considered important in those years. For example, the Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon Him) was born on 12 Rabi-ul Awwal in `Year of the Elephant’ (`Am al-Fil), for the year, [...]

Purification of Arab’s Lunar Calendar in the Early of Islamic Era

After the Arab people embraced Islam and united under the leadership of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be Upon Him), then Allah SWT commands the Islam People to use a purely lunar calendar with the elimination of nasi’ month. This is listed in the Holy Koran, the Surah At-Taubah Verse 36-37:

Lunar Calendar of Pre-Islamic Arabia

Before the advent of Islam brought the Prophet Muhammad, the Arab community used a lunisolar calendar. It was a lunar calendar adjusted by the sun’s position. Beginning of the year (Ra’s as-Sanah = Head of Year) is used to take place after the end of summer, or at around September. The first month was named [...]